Research

ARE YOUR PROCESSES EVIDENCE BASED?

Evidence Based Practices(EBP) can take 5-17 years of research for a new technique to become an EBP. Our processes are Success Based Practices (SBP) due to the overwhelming success rate which can be observed on our data page along with the vast number of testimonials of 22ZERO. Currently, Dr. Arnell is working with Arizona State University (ASU) for one study with the first responder data, and now ASU is doing a study on the veteran data. There are two more potential studies to be completed by ASU with the assistance of Dr. Arnell.

22ZERO Studies 1-3 - 1,028 Clients

PTSD Threshold (PSSI5) 20-80 – PTSD Threshold (PCL5) 31-80

Anxiety threshold (GAD7) Mild Anxiety 5-9, Moderate Anxiety 10-14, and Severe Anxiety 15-21

Depression Threshold (PQH9) 5-27

22ZERO - Study Group 1

PTSD Symptom Scale Interview version 5

614 clients PTSD
Males: 259
Females: 355
Age Range: 11 – 103, 2 Children age 11 and 15
Pre Scores Average: 40.15
Post Score Average: 7.12
Average Number of Sessions: 1.27

22ZERO - Study Group 2

PTSD Checklist-version 5 (PCL5)

322 clients combined PTSD/Anxiety Study
Males: 188
Females: 134
Age Range: 6 – 75, 36 Children age 6-17
Pre Scores Average: 45.93
Post Score Average: 4.97
Average Number of Sessions: 1.24
General Anxiety Disorder version 7 (GAD7)
Pre Scores Average: 13.34
Post Score Average: 1.825
Average Number of Sessions: 1.24

22ZERO - Study Group 3

PTSD Checklist-version 5 (PCL5)

92 clients combined PTSD/Anxiety Study/Depression
Males: 188
Females: 134
Age Range: 6 – 75, 36 Children age 6-17
Pre Scores Average: 45.93
Post Score Average: 4.97
Average Number of Sessions: 1.24
General Anxiety Disorder version 7 (GAD7)
Pre Scores Average: 12.14
Post Score Average: 2.75
Average Number of Sessions: 1.27
Anxiety Threshold: Mild Anxiety 5-9, Moderate Anxiety 10-14, and Severe Anxiety 15-21
Pre Health Questionnaire version 9 (PQH9) – For Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Pre Scores Average: 12.14
Post Score Average: 2.75
Average Number of Sessions: 1.27
The PSSI-5 (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale-Interview) is a structured interview for the assessment of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). It is a clinician-administered measure that can be used to diagnose PTSD and evaluate treatment outcomes. Scores greater than 20 qualify for PTSD diagnosis.

The PCL-5 (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5) is a self-report measure for assessing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5).

It is a 20-item measure that assesses the presence and severity of symptoms associated with PTSD, including re-experiencing, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity.

Each item is rated on a 5-point scale (0 = Not at all to 4 = Extremely), with a total score range of 0-80. Scores greater than 31 qualify for PTSD diagnosis.

The PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) is a self-report measure for assessing symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD). It is a 9-item measure that assesses the presence and severity of symptoms associated with MDD, such as depressed mood, loss of interest, and difficulty concentrating. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale (0 = Not at all to 3 = Nearly every day), with a total score range of 0-27.

The GAD-7 (General Anxiety Disorder) Anxiety Severity Scoring

This is calculated by assigning scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3 to the response categories of “not at all,” “several days,” “more than half the days,” and “nearly every day,” respectively.

GAD-7 total score for the seven items ranges from 0 to 21. Scores 5, 10, and 15 represent cut points for mild, moderate, and severe anxiety, respectively.